Accounting Career Profile: Accountants are an organization's
financial record keepers. They update and maintain one or more accounting
records, including those that tabulate expenditures, receipts, accounts
payable and receivable, and profit and loss. They have a wide range
of skills and knowledge, and must make numerous computations each
day. Accountants increasingly must be comfortable using computers
to calculate and record data. In small establishments, bookkeeping
clerks handle all financial transactions and record keeping. In
large offices and accounting departments, accounting clerks have
more specialized tasks. Their titles often reflect the type of accounting
they do, such as accounts payable clerk or accounts receivable clerk.
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Advertising Career Profile: The objective of any firm is
to market and sell its products or services profitably. In small
firms, the owner or chief executive officer might assume all advertising,
promotions, marketing, sales, and public relations responsibilities.
In large firms, which may offer numerous products and services nationally
or even worldwide, an executive vice president directs overall advertising,
promotions, marketing, sales, and public relations policies. Advertising,
marketing, promotions, public relations, and sales managers coordinate
the market research, marketing strategy, sales, advertising, promotion,
pricing, product development, and public relations activities.
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E-Commerce Career Profile: E-Commerce, or Electronic Commerce,
is a general term for any type of business, or commercial transaction,
that involves the transfer of information across the Internet. This
covers a range of different types of businesses, from consumer-based
retail sites like Amazon.com, through auction and music sites like
eBay or MP3.com, to business exchanges trading goods or services
between corporations. Electronic Commerce has expanded rapidly over
the past five years and this growth is forecast to continue or even
accelerate. It is likely that in the future the boundaries between
"conventional" and "electronic" commerce will
become increasingly blurred as more and more businesses move parts
of their operation onto the Internet.
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Merchandising Career Profile: Purchasing specialists, who
buy finished goods for resale, are employed by wholesale and retail
establishments where they commonly are known as buyers or merchandise
managers. Wholesale buyers purchase goods directly from manufacturers
or from other wholesale firms for resale to retail firms, commercial
establishments, institutions, and other organizations. In retail
firms, buyers purchase goods from wholesale firms or directly from
manufacturers for resale to the public. Buyers largely determine
which products their establishment will sell. Therefore, it is essential
that they have the ability to accurately predict what will appeal
to consumers. They must constantly stay informed of the latest trends.
Buyers working for large and medium-sized firms usually specialize
in acquiring one or two lines of merchandise, whereas buyers working
for small stores may purchase their complete inventory.
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degree programs
Sales and Marketing Career Profile: Sales and Marketing
Managers oversee advertising and promotion staffs, which usually
are small, except in the largest firms. In a small firm, managers
may serve as a liaison between the firm and the advertising or promotion
agency to which many advertising or promotional functions are contracted
out. In larger firms, advertising managers oversee in-house account,
creative, and media services departments. Marketing managers develop
the firm's detailed marketing strategy. With the help of subordinates,
including product development managers and market research managers,
they determine the demand for products and services offered by the
firm and its competitors.
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Marketing degree programs
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